Click here to return.
KEY G Major
METER 4/4
FORM Intro -> Verse -> Verse -> Bridge -> Verse -> Verse (guitar solo) -> Bridge -> Verse -> Outro (w/complete ending)
GENERAL POINTS OF INTEREST
- The instrumental and vocal arrangement create a folksy, even countrified facade for this song, but virtually everything else about it including the lyrics suggests the pop/rock Beatles style. Conceptually it's another kind of hybrid.
- The repeat pattern of the form with its use of a bridge instead of a refrain, as well as the chord choices and melodic style, suggest the urban pop style more so than they do C&W, in spite of all acoustic guitar and vocal harmony mannerisms on the surface of the piece.
- An unusually large number of chords are used, including five out of the seven naturally occurring triads (I, ii, IV, V, and vi), plus flat-VII and two secondary dominants (V-of-V and V-of-vi).
- For a change, the melody contains no touches of any quaint modalism. In fact, you could almost declare it as "purely" in the Major mode, though the inclusion of the D# in the tune in order to maneuver around the V-of-vi chord does stretch the envelope a bit.
- As we've seen in several other folksy songs on the Beatles For Sale album, the instrumental texture is dominated by the acoustic rhythm guitar part. Even though the lead guitar is mixed quite forward and "dry" for its solo section and the outro, its presence is so low key the rest of the time that you almost don't notice it's there. Even in the intro, where it ostensibly provides a lead role, it is inexplicably mixed down behind the rhythm part.
- In the first half of the verse John sings the top part with either Paul unusually singing the counter-melody on the bottom for a change, or else it's John down there over-dubbed with himself. The third phrase of the verse features Paul and George switching to a very un-folksy backing vocal of "oooohs" behind John's solo, with the earlier folksy texture returning for the final phrase.
- In the bridge it is definitely Paul on top and John on the bottom for a stretch of their trademarked stridently bracing harmonies; note especially the juicy open 5th on the word "love."
SECTION-BY-SECTION WALKTHROUGH
- The intro is eight measures long and with simple chords quickly establishes the home key and sets the stylistic tone for the rest of what will follow:
|G |- |D7 |- |- |- |G |- |
G: I V I
- The rhythm and lead guitar take the prominent role in this section with the entrance of the bass and drums carefully held back until the very end of it.
- The solo work is reminiscent of the music heard in the rest of the song though when you look at it more closely you discover an extremely unusual example here where the material for the intro is in fact not heard again in the body of the song.
- The verse is sixteen measures long and built out of four phrases equal in length to form an 'AABA' structure that is nicely underscored by the handling of the vocal arrangement. The first pair of phrases form a roughly parallel couplet, the contrasting and climactic third phrase provides both the melodic peak as well as an increase in the pace of the harmonic rhythm, and the section is finally capped by a repeat of the opening phrase:
|G |- |- |- |
I
|G |- |D |- |
V
|e |B |a |D |
vi V-of-vi ii V
|G |F7 |G | |
I flat-VII I
- The third phrase tends to cleave in two with the B Major chord (V-of-vi) particularly feeling left hanging as a sort of harmonic non-sequitur. The melodic D# which sits above that same B chord similarly makes for an indirect cross-relational clash with the D natural that is implicit in the D Major chord at the end of the phrase.
- The manner in which the flat-VII is deployed here is slightly unusual. We're more used to seeing it used predominantly in place of V, or else used in frequent alternation with V. Here, for a change, we're set up to expect such a clear domination by the V chord that the sudden and belated appearance of flat-VII so near the end of the verse section catches us a bit by surprise, and makes for what I react to as a lazy, shoulder-shrugging impression in contrast to, say, the V9 chord you might have sooner expected in its place. Note, by the way, the freely dissonant 7th made by the E in the melody over this F chord.
- There is something ironic about the composition of the guitar solo; superficially much choppier, less melodically continuous, and more dissonant than the sung tune, yet remarkably closer to the abstract outline of it if you bother to compare the two of them side by side.
- The bridge is twelve measures long and is built out of a repetition of the same unusual six-measure phrase:
|G |- |e |A |C |D |
I vi V-of-V IV V
- This six-measure phrase could have been coerced into a more standard (not to say rushed) four-measure model by a doubling up of the harmonic rhythm starting in measure 3, but the way it stands with the sudden drawing out of the melodic rhythm, makes a more dramatic, rhetorical effect.
- In contrast to the verse which is closed in harmonic shape (in spite of the adventurous third phrase), this section is open-ended in order to better motivate the return of the verse which follows it.
- This is yet another one of the songs on this album to feature the "classic" Beatles gambit of "V-of-V moves to V by way of IV", with its concommitant cross relation. Beatles For Sale features enough close-together examples of this device to make you feel as though this must have been a "new toy" kind of thing for them at the time, comparable to their apparent fixation with Major/minor combinations on the Hard Day's Night album.
- We also have another good example here where the bridge provides not only a change of pace from the verses but also the unique melodic peak for the song overall. The verse had topped out on G (i.e. the second syllable of the word "dis-a-ppear"), whereas the bridge here stretches it up to A (on the word "be" in the phrase "I'll be glad.")
- The outro is primarily a recap of the same material heard in the intro though this time it is scored for the entire ensemble. The two sections nicely function like symmetrical bookends to the rest.
SOME FINAL THOUGHTS
- The party that should have been a blast but which turned out to be a supremely hurtful confrontation with romantic disappointment or betrayal is one of the archtypal scenarios of the top-40 pop-song genre.
- The extent to which the Beatles were capable of transcending the nominal bounds of the cliche is effectively brought home by comparing our current song with one of the more popular examples in this model done by another roughly contemporaneous "artist"; I'm thinking of the one about "my party" and "I'll Cry If I Want To" -- yes, go ahead and flame me for even thinking about mentioning this one in the same article :-).
- The crux of the matter can be summed up as a case of "less is more." The "other" song spells out a kiss-and-tell tale of woe in almost embarrassing detail. What John gives us, in contrast, is much more internally ruminative, sparse, and ambiguous.
- Just one example to get you thinking about it and then I'll take my own advice about less/more and get the heck out of here: it's impossible to tell for sure from just the lyrics alone what kind of relationship existed between the protagonist and his beloved prior to "the party". The truth might lie anywhere along a broad spectrum of possibilities that includes at one extreme the open betrayal by a significant other, and at the other extreme, the case of a secret admirer merely disappointed over a lost opportunity to gaze from afar.
- The interesting thing about such ambiguity is that it not only is more "poetic" by nature, but also opens up the likelihood of the song which contains it to strike resonant chords in the hearts and experience base of the largest possible number of individual listeners. And this latter point has implications that are marketing related as well as merely aesthetic.
Regards,
Alan ([email protected] OR uunet!huxley!awp)
---
"It's all your fault, getting invites to gambling clubs. He's probably
in the middle of an orgy by now." 071592#62
---
Click here to return.
Click here to return to AWP's index.
